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The Student and Tutor reviewed the fundamental concepts of proteins, including their basic building blocks (amino acids), their chemical structure, and how they form peptide bonds. They explored the diverse functions of proteins, such as structural support, immune defense, hormonal signaling, movement, transport, and enzymatic catalysis, reinforced by various examples and multiple-choice questions. The session concluded with planning to cover nucleic acids in a subsequent class.

The Student and Tutor discussed academic goals across SAT English, AP English, and AP US History, with the session focusing on English. They practiced SAT English reading comprehension strategies and explored the structural components and analytical approaches for AP English rhetorical analysis and argument-based essays. Future sessions were planned to address specific difficult practice materials identified by the Student.

Student and Tutor reviewed carbohydrates, including glycosidic bonds and various polysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose, along with their structures amylose and amylopectin. The session then introduced lipids, covering their functions, elemental composition, and monomer unit (triglyceride), before detailing phospholipids and steroids. The Student was advised to practice questions and review flashcards on the co-tutor AI platform before the next class, which will focus on amino acids and nucleic acids.

The Student and Tutor discussed the Student's recent test performance, focusing on carbon backbones and proteins. They then delved into biomolecules, reviewing covalent bonds, cohesion, adhesion, and extensively covering carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and glycosidic bonds. The next session will cover polysaccharides and lipids.

The Student and Tutor reviewed key biological macromolecules from a previous session and then delved into fundamental chemistry concepts. They discussed atoms, valence electrons, and the formation of peptide bonds in proteins, along with ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds. The Tutor recommended using available notes and quizzes for the Student's upcoming unit test.

The Student and Tutor engaged in a demo session to review foundational concepts of biomolecules in Biology. They discussed the definitions of monomers and polymers, and the chemical reactions of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis, applying these to the four main biomolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. They also planned for future classes to build a stronger foundation in biology, with potential follow-up sessions focusing on specific biomolecules.