Biology Tutor Specializing in Genetics, Microbiology, and Cell Biology, physiology and anatomy

The Tutor and Student reviewed the principles of cellular respiration, starting with its definition and types (aerobic vs. anaerobic). They then delved into the initial stages: glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation, detailing the key reactions and molecules involved. The Tutor planned to continue with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in the next session.

The tutor and student reviewed practice exam questions focusing on ecological diversity indices and statistical interpretation. They calculated the Simpson Diversity Index, interpreted p-values from a t-test to draw conclusions about organism abundance, and contrasted data presentation between tables and figures. The session concluded with planning for future practice and review.

The session covered genetic engineering techniques, focusing on recombinant DNA technology, the process of creating transgenic organisms, and the production of human insulin. The student practiced identifying key steps and terms related to gene insertion and discussed the differences between human and bacterial DNA, as well as the application of PCR and gene expression.

The session focused on the biological process of photosynthesis, covering its definition, reactants, products, and cellular location (chloroplasts). The tutor explained the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle, including carbon fixation and the regeneration of RuBP. Adaptations like C4 and CAM pathways were also discussed as strategies to minimize photorespiration.

The Tutor and Student reviewed cellular processes, focusing on respiration and photosynthesis. They discussed the chemical reactions, energy production via ATP, and the stages of aerobic respiration including glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle. The next session will cover oxidative phosphorylation.

The Student and Tutor discussed the CRISPR-Cas9 system for gene editing, covering the functions of CRISPR and Cas9, the role of guide RNA, and the steps involved in the gene editing process. The Student was assigned to complete labeling diagrams and filling out tables related to CRISPR-Cas9. A follow-up session was scheduled to continue the discussion and address any remaining questions.