🧬Biology with 🎨Creativity and 🧠Imagination ! I simplify complex IB, IGCSE, and AP Biology using vibrant, 🦠colourful diagrams.

The session reviewed concepts of genetic recombination and bacterial transformation, explaining how engineered plasmids can be used to produce proteins like insulin. The tutor detailed the components needed to create a recombinant plasmid and discussed its applications in various industries. They also touched upon the structure of bacteria and the central dogma of molecular biology.

The Student and Tutor reviewed key concepts in molecular biology, including DNA cloning, recombinant DNA technology, and the role of vectors and enzymes. They discussed the process of bacterial transformation and selection using antibiotic resistance, examining how these principles are applied in real-world scenarios like insulin production. The Tutor also outlined future topics, specifically the PBR322 plasmid, and confirmed the schedule for the next session.

The Tutor introduced the academic subject of biotechnology, covering its definition, real-world applications such as In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy, and its two core principles: genetic engineering and bioprocess engineering. The session detailed how recombinant DNA technology, by utilizing the origin of replication (ORI), enables targeted gene introduction and cloning to overcome limitations in traditional genetic transfer. The discussion concluded with a plan to continue the topic in the subsequent session.

The Student and Tutor reviewed Crispr-Cas9 technology, covering its definition, origin in bacterial immune systems, key components (Cas9, guide RNA, PAM sequence), and applications in gene therapy. They then introduced recombinant plasmids, discussing their composition and the basic process of their creation. Future sessions will continue with recombinant plasmids and revisit foundational biology topics from the student's textbook.

The Tutor and Student discussed the gene-editing tool Crispr Cas9, covering its definition, function, and natural origin. The Tutor also introduced several branches of biology and key molecular biology concepts essential for understanding Crispr Cas9. They agreed to schedule a double lesson for the upcoming Monday to compensate for an early end to the current session and to delve deeper into the topics.

The Student and Tutor reviewed key concepts in embryonic development, including fertilization, blastocyst formation, and gastrulation, along with the differentiation of germ layers. They discussed various types of contraceptives. The session also introduced basic genetics, defining genes, alleles, and gene pools, and exploring factors influencing gene pool dynamics and the importance of genetic diversity. The Student was assigned to review specific diagrams in their textbook before the next session.